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Copyright © The Author(s), 2013. Published by the Faculty of Arts of J. E. Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem in cooperation with National Heritage Institute, the territorial expert workplace in Ústí nad Labem.
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Architect Fritz Hühnl: the author of urban character of the neighbourhood Trnovany near Teplice
Jan Hanzlík
Architect Fritz Hühnl: the author of urban character of the neighbourhood Trnovany near Teplice in Monumentorum Custos 2013, pp. 5–22; Studies
Architect Fritz Hühnl, the author of „a small Nuremberg“ in Trnovany, is corresponding in age to a generation of „young masters“ of the Wagner school. At the time when Art Nouveau was in its peak and later on architectural modernism, he was a young architect who was designing his first houses. In this commotion Hühnl was able to create a unique style with a strong expression, which reflected history of both Evangelical movement and Germanic mythology. In addition to these „Nuremberg“ houses Hühnl also designed several houses in pure Art Nouveau style. The time of his architectural beginnings offered possibilities that congenially concurred with Hühnl‘s talent and imagination of artists from the world-famous ceramisc factories (especially of the brand Amphora), who designed stucco decorations for some houses. His later buildings are characterized by simplifying style already making headway to modernism and new objectivity.
Architecture of Czech minority schools in Teplice until the year of 1938
Jindřich Zajíc
Architecture of Czech minority schools in Teplice until the year of 1938 in Monumentorum Custos 2013, pp. 23–38; Studies
Economic, social and political changes during the 19th century led to massive national changes in border areas. New deposits of mineral resources, the introduction of machine production, infrastructure development, as well as the release of labor laid the foundations for development of industrial areas. One of the new industrial regions of Bohemia became what is today the district of Teplice. Arrival of Czech workers, officials and enterpreneurs meant for the Teplice district a significant change in national situation, especially in the period after 1880. The growing Czech minority demanded establishment of school institutions where lessons could have been taught in Czech language. Despite the resistance from local German authorities the first private Czech schools were set up particularly at expenses of the association of the Ustredni Matice skolska. Teaching was conducted in temporarily adapted rooms. The first building of Czech schools in the Teplice district was built in Osek in the year of 1892. Buildings of the first Czech schools were built in eclectic style of the Monarchy. The only exception was the building of Czech schools in Teplice in which is today Jateční street from the year of 1912. The building combines features of receding Art Nouveau style with on-coming modernism.
The period of the First Czechoslovak Republic in the years 1918–1938 is characterized by development of Czech education in nationally mixed areas. New school buildings were mostly built in the functionalistic and modern style. Among the most important authors of these projects are prof. Milan Babuska, architect Antonin Moudry, prof. Ondrej Severin and the last but not least, the author of the building of Czech state grammar school in Duchcov, architect Ladislav Skrivanek but also many others. New modern buildings were often a symbol of the confident Czech minority and became a frequent target of vandalism. In general, development of the Czech educational system in the German national circles was accepted with displeasure. The events of 1938 stopped preparation work for the construction of the Czech grammar school in Teplice and construction of other buildings of Czech schools of lower grades. Yet the buildings of Czech minority schools left their mark in towns and villages in the Teplice district. Many of these schools are still preserved till today as a proof of quality architecture from the period before the World War I and the inter-war period.
Experiment Chomutov – context of implementation of collective housing on the turn of the ´60s and ´70s of the 20th century
Lenka Hájková
Experiment Chomutov – context of implementation of collective housing on the turn of the ´60s and ´70s of the 20th century in Monumentorum Custos 2013, pp. 39–48; Studies
Complex of residential houses with a detached building of services in the neighbourhood Březenecká in the town of Chomutov was designed in the Regional Design Institute for the construction of towns and villages in Ústí nad Labem. The urban concept was designed by the architect Vladislav Valoušek. The actual architectural design of panel houses and a multi-functional building was designed by the architect Rudolf Berger. Construction of the complex was carried out in the period from the year of 1963 to 1975. Design and its implementation arose in the context of so-called experimental building of design institutes which allowed some creative freedom in designing and a greater emphasis on implementation of details during construction. In his concept of residential houses the architect Rudolf Berger refers to Le Corbusier‘s „unité d‘habitation“.
Le Corbusier first presented this concept of social housing in the year of 1922. Development of this type of residential houses lasted from the beginnings till the first implementation in Marseille thirty years. Le Corbusier built similar houses four more times namely in Nantes, Berlin, Briey-en-Fort, Firminy (in the period of 1953-1964). The model included solutions for services related to housing and leisure time. After the end of the World War Two architects were returning to the concept of a modular residential house in ombination with a vertical city. All over Europe were built houses clearly referring to Le Corbusier „unité d‘habitation“. Experimental
building in Chomutov is not the only implementation of collective housing in the Czech republic. Buildings in Zlín and in Litvinov are probably more famous. In the case of the neighborhood Březenecká it is interesting to search for a rate of quotes and distinctive interpretations in comparison with Le Corbusier work. The most important feature thus seems to be a scale of the groundfloor supported by columns and architectural design of a staircase. Approach to designing services as an integral part of the structure or as a separate structure is not the decisive factor since Le Corbusier himself did not keep the uniform line in his implementations.
What is the most significant for development of architecture is the approach to urban design. Mathematical modules applied from the time of inter-war avant-garde moved to more complicated asymmetries and free clusters without a rigid repetition. Architects based their source of inspiration on the observation of the macro and micro world of nature. In the Březenecká neighbourhood a motif of cellular structures is shown in the composition of individual materials and in a hexagonal layout of the building of services. Buildings from the transition period between the late modernism and postmodernism have not been sufficiently examined by architecture theorists and at the same time not very well received by ordinary public. Often they are subject to improper construction interferences or they are pulled down.
The Sochor family and the chapel of St. Wenceslas in Vlčí
Jiří Bureš
The Sochor family and the chapel of St. Wenceslas in Vlčí in Monumentorum Custos 2013, pp. 49–56; Studies
The Chapel of St. Wenceslas in Vlčí was built at the expense of a merchant Čeněk Sochor (1844–1924) in three stages in the years 1890 to 1903. The author of the architectural design was a nephew of the founder, the architect Eduard Sochor (1862–1947). As a model for the building served the Sacre Coueur temple in Paris. The building expresses a sythesis of influences of early Christian, Byzantine and Romanesque architecture. The chapel was built in honor of Čeněk Sochorś parents, whose remains were buried here. Original quipment included today stolen altarpiece with St. Wenceslas made by the painter Václav Sochor (1855–1935).
„In the very beginning of Czech Gothic art of sculpture…“ (On the question of artistic express ion of the statue of St. Petr (?) from Litom erice Gallery)
Ľubomir Turčan
„In the very beginning of Czech Gothic art of sculpture…“ (On the question of artistic express ion of the statue of St. Petr (?) from Litom erice Gallery) in Monumentorum Custos 2013, pp. 57–64; Documents
The statue of St. Peter (?) belongs to the oldest and certainly one of the most valuable works of art presented in the permanent exhibition of old art in the North Bohemian Gallery of Fine Arts in Litoměřice. As with many similar works we do not know its origin neither its fate till the 20th century. The statue has preserved to the present time severely damaged, primarily its right arm
from the elbow is missing in which the saint originally held his attribute. Typology of the face led art historians to identify the statue as St. Petr (?) in the past. The statue got to Litomerice gallery during its establishment in the second half of the 50s of the 20 century from the fund of the former Municipal Museum in Litoměřice but originally it is supposed to come from the Church of All Saints in Litomerice. Older, not only Czech art and historical literature found numerous analogies to German Gothic sculpture, which was trongly influenced by Gothic sculpture of North French cathedrals. On the territory of the Czech republic there were found only sporadic sculptural links and analogies (eg. Madonna of Brezenec). In any case, the statue of St. Petr (?) was considered to be one of the oldest sculpture works in the Nort Bohemian region. Some art historians find certain more significant links behind the eastern border of the Czech republic, namely in Slovak Spiš (e.g. altar from Vojniany). The author of this study finds original artistic impulse for the statue of St.Petr (?) in the North French Il de France, where several key art schools were formed during the 13 century. In the 13th and 14th centuries this key artistic impulse got through Germany, mainly its central and southern parts, to the Central Europe (Bohemia, Upper Hungary – Slovakia, Poland, Austria...), where it, however, acquired its regional artistic character, its own original artistic expression. The author of the study dates the statue of St. Petr from the Gallery of Litomerice back to the period between the years of 1300–1310 and places its origin back to the very begin- -ning of Gothic sculpture in our country.
Contribution on an early period of organ making activities of the family Feller from Libouchec
Vít Honys
Contribution on an early period of organ making activities of the family Feller from Libouchec in Monumentorum Custos 2013, pp. 65–74; Documents
The organ built in the years of 1823–1824 for the Church of the Assumption of Virgin Mary in Chabařovice was the first two-manual work of Franz Feller the elder from Libouchec and today it is the oldest surviving functional instrument made by this organ maker of irreplaceable musical and historical value. In his conception can be traced inspirations by older instruments from neighbouring areas in both the organ case and partly in organ console (eg. short lower octaves, prospect pipes with impressed Gothic labia), the features which are receding at instruments preserved from later period of the 30s of the 19th century. However some progressive elements are used here as well such as a full volume of Principal 8‘, composition of Mixture, make of valves, distinctive make of the seat for an organist. Thin-walled sheet metal pipes reveal a self-taught organmaker. During the last restoration in the years of 2008–13 the organ was almost restored into a condition in which it was in the year of 1860.
The shipyard No. 118 belonging to Roudnice Czech Athletic Club located in Vedomice
Jan Leibl
The shipyard No. 118 belonging to Roudnice Czech Athletic Club located in Vedomice in Monumentorum Custos 2013, pp. 75–82; Documents
The rowing „Czech Athletic Club“ has grown into a social phenomenon in Roudnice nad Labem since the end of the 19 century with its building of a shipyard No. 118 located in the village of Vedomice. Previously there existed two other buildings of shipyards before on
the Roudnice shore: the first in the years of 1883–1900, the second functioned in the years of 1901–1922. With help of collections and donations from various patrons Roudnice rowers built a new, permanent shipyard in the years of 1921–1924. This building has been serving its purpose till today. At present time the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic declared the shipyard No. 118 including its lockers a cultural heritage.
Nový Hrad, Jimlín (Louny District) – Restoration of the Northern Wing
Lucie Radová
Nový Hrad, Jimlín (Louny District) – Restoration of the Northern Wing in Monumentorum Custos 2013, pp. 83–88; Monument Restoration
The regionally important noble residence – Nový Hrad Chateau – is situated on a promontory above the village of Jimlín, at its southeastern edge. The buildings, concentrated around three courtyards, form an irregular trapezoidal area accessible from the west and north, surrounded by walls with a moat from the east and south. The first mention of the existence of a local settlement dates back to the 1560s, when Albrecht of Kolovraty asked King Jiří of Poděbrady for permission to build a new settlement (a new castle) to replace the inadequate fortress on another site.
Restoration of the Holy Trinity Chapel in Přední Lhota at Těchlovice
Eva Altová
Restoration of the Holy Trinity Chapel in Přední Lhota at Těchlovice in Monumentorum Custos 2013, pp. 89–94; Monument Restoration
In 1836, according to the inventory of small sacral monuments of the Těchlovice locality, there was only one monument in Přední Lhota – the Chapel of the Holy Trinity, marked in the inventory as "Statue der Dreieinigkeit". This small building still stands in the village today. It is located behind the bridge over the brook by the road to Babětín and the ruins of Vrabinec Castle.
Restoration of the Riding Hall in Terezín
Jaroslav Skopec
Restoration of the Riding Hall in Terezín in Monumentorum Custos 2013, pp. 95–98; Monument Restoration
The building of the covered riding hall, now No. 260 on plot No. 179, occupies the eastern front of the block of houses called karé "W" located along the south-eastern corner of Československé armády Square. The riding hall was built to a design by the civil draughtsman Irásek in 1861-1862 as the youngest of the three known riding halls of the Habsburg Monarchy, which use a truss of the de l'Ormer type.
New Exhibition of Medieval Sculpture and Painting in the Regional Museum in Chomutov
Renata Gubiková
New Exhibition of Medieval Sculpture and Painting in the Regional Museum in Chomutov in Monumentorum Custos 2013, s. 99–102; Seminars, Conferences, Events
On 16 October 2013, the Regional Museum in Chomutov inaugurated a new permanent exhibition entitled All the World's Comfort – Sculpture and Painting in the Chomutov Region 1350-1590. After more than thirty years, a major reinstallation and renewal of the permanent exhibition, whose beginnings were formed in the first half of the 20th century, took place. The architectural design of the new exhibition was entrusted to Pavel Kolíbal, who created it together with his father, the well-known artist Stanislav Kolíbal, and the architect Petr Tej. The concept of the whole exposition as presented by these architects is minimalist, leaving the atmosphere of the unique late Gothic spaces and making the exhibited artefacts stand out.
Interactive Exhibition "Stories of Places. Topographies of the Memory of the Nation" Embarked on a Journey Through the Czech Republic
Jan Musil
Interactive Exhibition "Stories of Places. Topographies of the Memory of the Nation" Embarked on a Journey Through the Czech Republic in Monumentorum Custos 2013, p. 103; Seminars, Conferences, Events
From May this year to October next year, a travelling version of the exhibition The Stories of Places. Topographies of the Memory of the Nation will tour the various regions of the Czech Republic. The exhibition is one of the outputs of the NAKI project of the same name funded by the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic.
Saxon Renaissance Exhibition
Táňa Šimková
Saxon Renaissance Exhibition in Monumentorum Custos 2013, pp. 104–105; Seminars, Conferences, Events
On 31 May 2014, the exhibition "If the Lord Does Not Build the House, the Builders Toil in Vain: Art and Sacred Architecture of the Saxon Renaissance in Northwest Bohemia." was presented to the public in the atrium of the castle in Krásné Březno as part of the Children's Day programme. The exhibition, which was for the professional public opened for the first time on 5 December 2013, summarizes the results of three years of research by the Department of History of the Faculty of Arts of UJEP in Ústí nad Labem, which focused on a distinctive architectural movement of the Northwestern area of Bohemia, known by architectural and art historians as the Saxon Renaissance.
Participation of CDDKD in the Archaeological Research of the Roman Camp near the Village of Hrdly
David Skalický – Jan Horák
Participation of CDDKD in the Archaeological Research of the Roman Camp near the Village of Hrdly in Monumentorum Custos 2013, p. 106; Seminars, Conferences, Events
The Centre for Documentation and Digitization of Cultural Heritage at the Faculty of Arts and Faculty of Environment of UJEP participated in an archaeological research of the relics of the fortification system of a Roman temporary camp located in the area situated on the southern edge of the village of Hrdly, west of the road Hrdly – Dolánky nad Ohří. The research of the Institute of Classical Archaeology of the Faculty of Arts of Charles University led by Mgr. Karel Kůt and research guarantor doc. PhDr. Jiří Musil, Ph.D., was carried out within the framework of the project of the Charles University Grant Agency No. 623612 at the Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague.
Exhibition "Podstávkový Dům v Údolí Ploučnice"
Hana Veselá
Exhibition "Podstávkový Dům v Údolí Ploučnice" in Monumentorum Custos 2013, pp. 107–109; Seminars, Conferences, Events
On Monday, 16 December 2013, the opening of the exhibition "Podstávkový dům v údolí Ploučnice" took place in the atrium of the Krásné Březno Chateau, the headquarters of the National Heritage Institute in Ústí nad Labem. The exhibition, which was co-created by Mgr. Alena Sellnerová, Mgr. Hana Veselá, Ing. arch. Jan Hanzlík and Mgr. Marta Pavlíková, presents the results obtained within the framework of the research task XIII., research of immovable monuments in the Czech Republic. Current methodological issues of research and documentation, endangered types of monuments and their selected specimens funded by the institutional support of the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic for long-term conceptual development of the research organization.
MONUMENTA VIVA, Multidisciplinary Student Seminar
Barbora Větrovská
MONUMENTA VIVA, Multidisciplinary Student Seminar in Monumentorum Custos 2013, pp. 110–112; Seminars, Conferences, Events
On 22-25 April 2014, another multidisciplinary student seminar on the topic "Broumov Group of Churches" took place in the Broumov region. The meeting of students and teachers of technical, art, historical and economic disciplines was again organized by the Omnium o. s. association in cooperation with the Institute of Heritage Conservation of the Faculty of Architecture of the Czech Technical University, under the auspices of Prof. Václav Girsa. The project of revitalization of the Baroque treasures of the Broumov region involved a number of higher education institutions from all over the Czech Republic: Institute of Art History, Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Arts, MUNI Brno, Department of Theory and History of Art at the University of Ostrava, UPCE Regional Development, UPCE Faculty of Restoration (Litomyšl), VŠE Prague Art Management, Centre for Documentation and Digitization of Cultural Heritage, KHI FF and FŽP UJEP in Ústí nad Labem, Institute of Art History of the CAS.