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Copyright © The Author(s), 2019. Published by the Faculty of Arts of J. E. Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem in cooperation with National Heritage Institute, the territorial expert workplace in Ústí nad Labem.
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On the authorship of the tombstone of Václav Hasištejnský of Lobkowitz
Petr Hrubý
On the authorship of the tombstone of Václav Hasištejnský of Lobkowitz in Monumentorum Custos 2019, pp. 5–18; Studies
The study deals in detail with the issue of authorship of the tombstone of Václav Hasištejnský of Lobkowitz († 1520), who was buried in the Franciscan monastery dedicated to the Fourteen Holy Helpers in Kadan.
The introduction of the study presents biographical data about the person of Václav Hasištejnský of Lobkowitz, also his family and property background is explained. This part of the study is finished by an analysis of the preserved testament of Václav Hasištejnský and the circumstances of his own burial, particularly a reference to the anthropological survey of the remains of the deceased.
The second part of the study deals with the formal analysis and description of the preserved tombstone of Václav Hasištejnský, which was made of Ore Mountain marble. A separate part is dedicated to the circumstances of origin of the tombstone. It was proved that the tombstone was made during the life of the deceased, i.e. before the year of 1520.
The last part of the study introduces us to the issue of self-authorship. On the basis of a detailed analysis, it is proved that the author of the tombstone was the workshop of the Saxon stonemason Ulrich Creutz, who verifiably worked in Kadan. This statement is based on a detailed analysis of preserved works of Ulrich Creutz‘s workshop and historical circumstances that accompanied creation of the work. Proof of the authorship by Ulrich Creutz‘s workshop also expands the number of known works by this Saxon stonemason and sculptor.
Hadí lázně (Snake Spa), a jewel of the classicist spa architecture of Teplice
Eliška Nová – Miroslav Nový
Hadí lázně (Snake Spa), a jewel of the classicist spa architecture of Teplice in Monumentorum Custos 2019, pp. 19–36; Studies
The town of Teplice in northwestern Bohemia is one of the most famous and oldest spa towns in the Czech Republic. One of the most valuable monuments of the spa architecture in the town is without a doubt the classicist building of Hadí lázně (Snake spa) No. 1118. It is situated eastwards from the historic centre of Teplice in the originally independent village of Schönau, promoted to a town in the year of 1884 and merged with Teplice in the year of 1895. The two side wings of the building form a longer central part with a column gallery (colonnade) in the street side. The basis of the dispositional arrangement of the wings, without newer extensions, is a lengthwise three section building, when the middle part of the building is in fact a high arched corridor, extending with its
ends into the side wings, where it connects to the original arched vestibules. What was later made accessible were the spaces of the front and rear wing. The column gallery in the front part of the middle wing has a coffered ceiling. (Picture 3 ) The rooms of the front and rear sections of the side wings are connected with plate vaults into arches. Unfortunately, the rear part of the middle wing was most affected by modern adaptation, which erased its historical appearance.
The seemingly homogeneous complex of a building has more complicated building and historical origins. Around the year of 1900, two smaller, probably wooden buildings with bathrooms stood above the Snake Spring. In 1815, a Schönau builder Franz Wenzl Wertig (Picture 5) prepared a project for a new building with four spa bathrooms for the municipality, however, during the implementation in the year of 1817, the project was modified by a regional engineer David Dialler due to better use of springs. The implemented construction is captured by a period depiction (Picture 6). In 1820, the building was extended by two more bathrooms and a relaxation room, in this form the building is described in the plan from the end of the year of 1820 (Picture 9) and appeared in period iconography (Picture 10).
The appearance of Snake Spa, as we know it to this day, was imprinted by a generous reconstruction carried out in the years 1838–1839. The plans were drawn up by a noble civil engineer Herrmann in the year of 1836. However, in the approval procedure the chief construction directorate proposed its own plans, whose author was an engineer Adalbert Zopp. He designed an elegant classicist building, which significantly expanded the older building that it was supposed to take in. Two side wings with low triangular gables and acroteria on low attics at the corners gripped the long middle wing, the front part of which was made up by an open column hall (colonnade) with two rows of eight ionic columns, under which were cooling pools. The rear part also included an older building with spa bathrooms.
In the left wing, there was a spa master’s apartment, gentlemen’s toilets, a relaxation room, a room with a shower and two baths with showers. In the right side wing, there was a conversation hall in the front part, another vestibule in the middle part and a peat bath and peat storage in the back part. The construction was carried out by a Prague builder Johann Ripota and Franz Wenzl Wertig from Schönau, besides that the sources also mention names of other craftsmen. The building de facto combined the construction type of a spa house (Kurhaus) with a colonnade intended for drinking cures (Trinkhalle). Preserved Classicist adaptations from the late 1930´s are still visible on the building. The only exception is the rear part of the middle wing, which underwent a drastic adaptation at the turn of the 1970´s and 1980´s. There were some changes in the building during the 19 century, too, the most significant of which was an added extension with the kitchen and apartment upstairs at the rear part of the left wing from the year of 1898. Since the 1990´s there has been no use for the building and it has gradually dilapidated.
The church of St. Simon and Jude in Lipová in Šluknov region in the period of Modern Times
Václav Zeman
The church of St. Simon and Jude in Lipová in Šluknov region in the period of Modern Times in Monumentorum Custos 2019, pp. 37–52; Documents
On the basis of written sources the study presents architectural development of the originally medieval church in the period from the end of the 17 century to the year of 1945. Main focus is particularly on the Baroque reconstruction from the end of the 17 century and following adaptations which took place mainly in the first half of the 19 century (and which are besides other things a relatively early example of a Gothic revival in rural settings in the 1830´s). So far unpublished information will be supplemented by a number of iconographic material, including building plans from the period of 1690´s.
The study is carried out as an output of the project NAKI II, DG18P02OVV042: Transformation of a medieval rural church as a symbol of spiritual tradition and local identity.
Organ restoration in the Church of the Holy Trinity in Klášterec nad Ohří
Vít Honys
Organ restoration in the Church of the Holy Trinity in Klášterec nad Ohří in Monumentorum Custos 2019, pp. 53–60; Documents
In the years 2014–2019, the overall restoration of the organ of the Church of the Holy Trinity in Klášterec nad Ohří was carried out. The instrument built by Ferdinand Müller from Nepomyšl in the years 1795–97 is the largest and most important surviving instrument from this organ workshop, despite partial modifications and extensions of the main part and a pedal implemented during the second half of the 19 century. Based on surveys and findings made during a disassembly, the instrument was restored to its condition after increasing original tuning with 15 sounding registers at an air pressure of 54 mm Vs in the year 1836. During the restoration, in addition to the high-quality craftsmanship of the original substance and metal pipes, it was possible to state the presence of spouts on the cores of the deepest pipes of the organ, improving their sound properties. This finding supports the previously stated hypothesis about organ activities of Ferdinand Müller from Nepomyšl being influenced by Loket workshop of the organist Ignác Schmidt, the last successor of the Loket organ tradition.
Tax for modernity – Circumstances of final acceptance and public opening of the pavilion for Reiner´s fresco in Duchcov castle garden in the years 1982–1983
Marian Hochel
Tax for modernity – Circumstances of final acceptance and public opening of the pavilion for Reiner´s fresco in Duchcov castle garden in the years 1982–1983 in Monumentorum Custos 2019, pp. 61–78; Documents
From the perspective of heritage conservation the pavilion for Reiner‘s fresco in the castle garden in Duchcov is conceived as a structured unit. The Baroque fresco was created in 1728 by the renowned master Václav Vavřinec Reiner following the order of Count Jan Josef of Waldstein and in 1956 it was removed from the cupola of the abolished hospital church so that it could be transferred to the secondary cupola of the newly built pavilion in the early 1980s designed by an architect Jan Sokol. In the collective consciousness, this work remains perceived as „halfway through its journey“ between tradition and modernity.
Research into archival sources documenting circumstances of its final acceptance and opening to the public in the years 1982–1983 opens a discussion and reveals limits of this act of accessibility. The research also evaluates a relationship of the Baroque monument transferred into a modern building to the relevant place in the collective memory of the region. Although the symbiosis of the „old in the new“ was a unique achievement in this extent in the period of socialist heritage conservation, time soon showed that it did not completely meet the goals set for it. By approving of the unfinished pavilion, a „modernity tax“ was paid, which was probably not expected at the beginning of the project. It thus became a symbol of a post-war state cultural policy and approach to the heritage fund in socialist Czechoslovakia, especially in the region until recently defined by a heavy exploitation and economic profitability of the „industrial zone“ of the northwestern Bohemia.
Minor monuments of the village of Mírkov and the settlement of Blansko
Jan Leibl – Martin Zubík
Minor monuments of the village of Mírkov and the settlement of Blansko in Monumentorum Custos 2019, pp. 79–96; Documents
The pair of authors Jan Leibl and Martin Zubík come up with another contribution for the pages of the magazine Monumentorum Custos. They continue in documenting and popularizing small monuments in the landscape and areas belonging to the municipalities of the Ústí nad Labem district. This time, the village of Mírkov and the settlement of Blansko, which are local parts of Povrly municipality, came into focus. In famous history of this setllement there used to be eleven objects – two chapels and five crosses in Mírkov and four crosses in the settlement of Blansko. The Mírkov Rock Chapel, once a sought-after place of pilgrimage, had a troubled fate after the WWII and a number of crosses disappeared without a trace. To this day, only the village chapels in Mírkov have survived, two crosses in various degrees of compactness in Blansko and the only cross in Mírkov, which is awaiting a complete restoration in the courtyard of a private homestead. The article is compiled as a catalogue of all small monuments in the territory of Mírkov and nearby Blansko, it presents their history and adds an exhaustive specific description. The text comes as a result of thorough archival and field research. After a short introduction to the history of the village, the catalogue itself follows, which is sorted by type of monuments and then chronologically. In general, it can be said that the artistic value of the preserved small monuments in the studied villages is not great, their value lies besides its craftsmanship mainly in their spiritual and historical asset. Many of described small monuments, especially crosses, have not been preserved to this day. From our point of view, any destruction of similar objects in the landscape is an irreplaceable loss that is like rubbing salt in numerous wounds of this region. Conservation and documentation of these small monuments as silent witnesses of historical events contributes to the renewal of identification with the region of northern Bohemia.
Scanning the Skull of Magdalena Fictum of Kolovraty
Tereza Šťastná
Scanning the Skull of Magdalena Fictum of Kolovraty in Monumentorum Custos 2019, pp. 97–98; Seminars, Conferences, Events
In the first months of 2020, the Centre for Documentation and Digitization of Cultural Heritage had the opportunity to work on the creation of a 3D model of the skull of Magdalena Fictum of Kolovraty.
Wood for ʻKalichʼ – Pramen 2019
Kamil Podroužek
Wood for ʻKalichʼ – Pramen 2019 in Monumentorum Custos 2019, pp. 99–100; Seminars, Conferences, Events
The House ʻKalichʼ, originally called ʻDům pod báníʼ, stands on Mírové Square in Litoměřice and bears an unusual sight on its roof – a wooden tower with a chalice.
"Ante et post Velvet – Monuments in a Free Society" (Exhibition)
Martin Zubík – Lukáš Sláma – Markéta Poláková-Jirmanová
"Ante et post Velvet – Monuments in a Free Society" (Exhibition) in Monumentorum Custos 2019, pp. 101–102; Seminars, Conferences, Events
Thirty years since the Velvet Revolution of 1989 were mapped out in an exhibition entitled Ante et post velvet, prepared by the staff of the National Heritage Institute in Ústí nad Labem in cooperation with the Faculty of Arts of Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem.